advantages and disadvantages of the 1988 education reform act
As the marketplace stabilized, some companies returned, and others continue to expand . << >> /Contents 243 0 R It would be premature to make judgements about the advantages and disadvantages of introducing neoliberal practices into education without giving serious consideration to the perceived benefits of this approach. /Contents 227 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] /Resources << >> /Contents 297 0 R >> /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] >> /MC0 129 0 R Focusing on exam results and league table position causes stress for pupils as more pressure is put on them to perform well in SATS. >> << Better local oversight of schools and stronger incentives for local collaboration, rather than national chains cherry picking little groups of schools, would be Phillips priorities. endobj >> /Rotate 0 >> /StructParents 16 /Parent 19 0 R Original reporting and incisive analysis, direct from the Guardian every morning. /TT1 121 0 R /TT0 120 0 R /C2_0 232 0 R /TT0 120 0 R /TT0 120 0 R >> >> People are denied an education because of where they live, who they are, and how much money they have. /Parent 14 0 R Parents at that time had almost no say in which schools their children would be sent to and children were typically sent to their local school. /Type /Page 22 0 obj >> /Properties << /Rotate 0 >> /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] /Font << /PieceInfo << /Type /Page charts developments since the 1988 Act and calls for a Royal Commission to undertake a root-and-branch investigation into the politicisation of education. /Font << >> /Contents 130 0 R >> /Properties << /CropBox [0 0 595 842] /Font << >> >> /StructParents 79 /TT0 120 0 R >> Advantages. >> /Parent 15 0 R /Font << /Rotate 0 >> /StructParents 30 >> /Type /Page /Type /Metadata >> /Rotate 0 endobj >> << /Contents 302 0 R Government healthcare refers to government funding of healthcare services via direct payments to doctors, hospitals, and other providers. /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] /ExtGState << What the sociologists call the parentocracy doesnt really exist in places where there are two rather than 20 local schools.. endobj /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] The government stipulated some criteria (children with siblings already at the school got preference for example, and those closest to the school also got preference) but eventually the government allowed some schools to become specialist schools where they were allowed to select 10% of their intake due to aptitude in a particular subject maths, music or sport for example. << 5 Howick Place | London | SW1P 1WG. /Resources << /Contents 263 0 R /Properties << 63 0 obj >> The main reasons are to restore public faith in the judicial system and to ensure separation of powers between the legislature and the judiciary in accordance with the ECHR. /Type /Page /Annots [193 0 R 194 0 R 195 0 R 196 0 R 197 0 R 198 0 R 199 0 R 200 0 R 201 0 R 202 0 R Indeed, it is rapidly becoming a full-time /Type /Page /Type /Page /TT3 121 0 R /MC0 129 0 R /Rotate 0 /Type /Page /Type /Page /Font << >> The 1988 Education act gave more power to parents to choose which school to send their children too and more power to heads of school to manage their own budget, and these two changes together meant that Local Education Authorities lost a lot of their control over how education was managed at the county level. endobj /GS0 125 0 R >> 1944 Education Act and 1988 Education Reform Act. /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] /Parent 15 0 R /Annots [132 0 R 133 0 R 134 0 R 135 0 R 136 0 R 137 0 R 138 0 R 139 0 R 140 0 R 141 0 R . /StructParents 45 /Font << /TT0 120 0 R /Type /Page /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] /TT2 121 0 R /Contents 281 0 R /Names 4 0 R 111 0 obj /Length 3936 /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] << An Act to amend the law relating to education. /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] /Type /Page /Font << 27 0 obj /Properties << 68 0 obj >> By Cyril John Barlongo. /Limits [ ] /MC0 129 0 R /GS0 125 0 R 45 0 obj /ExtGState << 9 0 obj /MC0 129 0 R /Parent 13 0 R >> << /MC0 129 0 R /Properties << Educational disadvantage is demonstrated in many ways, most often in poor levels of participation and achievement in the . /XObject << /Contents 224 0 R << /TT0 120 0 R Disadvantages. Open Enrolment is where parents are allowed to select multiple schools to send their children too, but only specifying one as their first choice. /CropBox [0 0 595 842] /Rotate 0 65 0 obj >> /Properties << /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] The students with disabilities, such as auditory processing . >> /Parent 16 0 R /Font << /TT2 226 0 R >> >> /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] /TT1 121 0 R endobj To make this word schools have been required to publish a prospectus which includes their examination and test results since 1988. /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] << /TT1 226 0 R /Font << /StructParents 14 << >> << Approximately . << /TT1 121 0 R /ExtGState << /TT1 226 0 R Copyright Get Revising 2023 all rights reserved. >> /Type /Pages endobj >> 0000003188 00000 n /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] /Type /Page endobj /Properties << /TT1 226 0 R /Dest [24 0 R /XYZ 0 771 null] >> >> /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] /Resources << *SJj4Tf /StructParents 51 /Count 10 /Parent 2 0 R /GS0 125 0 R endobj /MC0 129 0 R 113 0 obj /Type /Pages /Parent 12 0 R >> Twenty years after the introduction of the 1988 Education Reform Act (ERA), BELMAS (British Educational Leadership, Management & Administration Society) held a discussion forum for academics, teachers and all those interested in education policy and practice. Ball, Bowe & Gerwitz investigated to see what impact the policies were having. 0000029468 00000 n >> /TT0 120 0 R /Parent 12 0 R /Type /Pages >> /Font << /Properties << >> But that would require great political leadership now, says Gary Phillips. /LastModified (D:20040616154335) /Rotate 0 /Resources << /Rotate 0 /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] /StructTreeRoot null endobj >> >> /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] /Resources << /StructParents 64 /Resources << endobj Parent choice and competition had barely registered on the national consciousness. /GS0 125 0 R /GS0 125 0 R How do I view content? /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] << /Type /Page Recently the Bright Tribe academy trust has been in the news over transactions with companies linked to the trusts founder. >> /ExtGState << /StructParents 80 >> /TT0 120 0 R >> /TT1 121 0 R /Parent 13 0 R /Contents 294 0 R /Resources << /TT1 226 0 R /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] /Rotate 0 /CropBox [0 0 595 842] /Type /Page /Resources << /TT3 159 0 R /GS0 125 0 R /TT1 226 0 R >> /TT2 159 0 R << /CropBox [0 0 595 842] endobj << When Phillips took over at Lilian Baylis in the late 1990s, the school was in the doldrums. /Properties << /Rotate 0 /Font << /MC0 129 0 R The Government aims to make schooling available to everyone with the help of NEP 2020. /Type /Page << /Properties << >> >> endobj /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] >> /TT0 120 0 R endobj /TT1 121 0 R /TT1 226 0 R >> >> >> /Dest [23 0 R /XYZ 0 771 null] >> /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] << Education Reform Act 1988 (ERA88) onwards, we measured changes over time in the tendency for pupils with particular socio-economic characteristics to cluster in particular schools (termed segregation). /Rotate 0 /CropBox [0 0 595 842] /Properties << /Font << 152 0 R 153 0 R 154 0 R 155 0 R 156 0 R 157 0 R] >> >> >> endobj /Resources << >> 0000001551 00000 n /Font << Students who go to sink schools stand little hope of doing well. /Properties << /TT1 121 0 R 83 0 obj Those who get an education have higher incomes, have more opportunities in their lives, and tend to be healthier. /Type /Page /TT0 120 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] >> >> >> 28 0 obj /ExtGState << >> /Type /Page /Parent 9 0 R /GS0 125 0 R << >> /Parent 15 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] >> >> 59 0 obj The head, Gary Phillips, has turned the school around. << /Type /Page >> /Font << /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] The benefits of inclusion are many. /Resources << /StructParents 46 /Properties << /MC0 129 0 R /TT0 120 0 R endobj /MC0 129 0 R 0000035224 00000 n /StructParents 83 I agree with that. /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] /Rotate 0 >> >> /Contents 239 0 R /TT3 159 0 R /F5 124 0 R We have tripled the number of young people coming out of university with degrees but we havent increased substantially the number who are prepared to become teachers, says Gary Phillips. /TT0 120 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] >> >> 26 0 obj /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] /ExtGState << << /TT0 120 0 R /TT2 226 0 R /TT0 120 0 R /ExtGState << /MC0 129 0 R >> << /Contents 233 0 R 75 0 obj /Parent 17 0 R /ExtGState << /Font << /CropBox [0 0 595 842] /GS0 125 0 R /StructParents 20 >> However, state-governed evaluations may soon come to an end. >> 7 0 obj Many of the features of today's education system - from academies to league tables - have their origins in the 1988 Education Reform Act. /CropBox [0 0 595 842] /GS0 125 0 R Disadvantages of Inclusive Education. hen Gary Phillips started his career as a young teacher, the education world was a radically different place. /MC0 129 0 R endobj We considered a variety of . >> /TT2 121 0 R /Last 19 0 R /Font << /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] endobj /GS0 125 0 R /Contents 249 0 R /TT0 120 0 R /Parent 14 0 R >> /Parent 12 0 R 0000000994 00000 n /Rotate 0 /TT2 226 0 R >> << /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] endobj /StructParents 22 /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] /Type /Page >> << endobj /Rotate 0 Prior to 1988 Local Education Authorities still had control over the education budgets for counties and they did not necessarily allocated funding to schools based on pupil numbers. It is the most significant policy that students need to be able to . /Properties << >> /Contents 275 0 R /Type /Pages 80 0 obj /Contents 257 0 R >> >> >> /Type /Page >> endobj >> >> /CropBox [0 0 595 842] >> /TT0 120 0 R critical areas of reform which the policymakers may consider in crafting legislative interventions to broaden and reinforce further the gains of land reform in the country. >> /StructParents 19 endobj 74 0 obj /CropBox [0 0 595 842] >> /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] >> 34 0 obj /TT2 121 0 R endobj >> /StructParents 12 /CropBox [0 0 595 842] 0000006512 00000 n 92 0 obj >> /Font << /GS0 125 0 R There were no league tables, no Ofsted, no academies or free schools. /GS0 125 0 R >> 57 0 obj <> endobj /Type /Page >> >> /TT1 121 0 R stream Register to receive personalised research and resources by email. /ExtGState << Increased economic output: Greater trade increased economic output. /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] The New Rights core aim for education was to improve standards through marketisation, which in turn required giving parents more choice over where their children went to school. It firmly placed education in the marketplace, a process that began in the early 1980s under Mrs Margaret . /Rotate 0 /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] My own conclusions for what is needed now include reform of school admissions and a broader definition of what we mean by success, one that goes beyond simple test and exam results. /CropBox [0 0 595 842] << endobj /StructParents 43 endobj /MC0 129 0 R /StructParents 31 /ExtGState << /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] >> >> by Fiona Millar will be published by John Catt this month, Parental choice in education has created the worst of all worlds, School admissions: why complaining to the watchdog will get you nowhere. /CropBox [0 0 595 842] /MC0 129 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] /Type /Page >> >> /Rotate 0 /MC0 129 0 R Even so it has hardly proved an ill wind for publishers and, among others, for beleaguered academics anxious to improve their publication ratings in time for the next research review. When Gary Phillips started his career as a young teacher, the education world was a radically different place. /Type /Catalog /Resources << (Read Arne Duncan's Britannica essay on "Education: The Great Equalizer.") /Parent 2 0 R /Resources << /Font << 2. /GS0 125 0 R /Parent 16 0 R /Properties << It has stirred up heated responses from supporters of both sides in mainland China, Hong Kong, Macau, Taiwan, and among overseas Chinese communities with its implications of political ideology and cultural identity. /GS0 125 0 R /Font << Thirty years on we may be ready for another all-encompassing Education Reform Act. /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] Stories of poor financial management, even corrupt practices, in the independent state school sector persist. /Rotate 0 >> /StructParents 52 46 0 obj Education Reform Act 1988. /Parent 17 0 R 116 0 obj >> /TT1 121 0 R Inclusive education also benefits general education . << Broadening and Reinforcing the Benefits of Land Reform in the Philippines 1 Excludes DAR utilization of Fund 101. /Rotate 0 /TT1 121 0 R >> /Resources << >> /Font << /Rotate 0 /Rotate 0 /TT0 120 0 R /Resources << /ExtGState << /TT0 120 0 R /ExtGState << /GS0 125 0 R /TT2 226 0 R /Font << >> >> /TT2 159 0 R /Type /Pages /Font << /Type /Page /Name (HeaderFooter) 85 0 obj /MC0 129 0 R endobj >> 58 0 obj >> /First 18 0 R /CropBox [0 0 595 842] /CropBox [0 0 595 842] >> Meanwhile, there is growing concern about the unintended consequences of high-stakes accountability; off rolling pupils less likely to succeed, teaching to the test, manipulation of the curriculum and small but significant number of orphan schools that none of the new edu-providers want. /Contents 264 0 R >> /Type /Page /StructParents 58 /Count 2 as comprehensive schools have such large intakes, it makes discipline more challenging in addition the anonymity students feel in such large schools makes it . /Contents 158 0 R /Font << /CropBox [0 0 595 842] /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] << ReviseSociologySociology Revision Resources for SaleExams, Essays and Short Answer QuestionsIntroFamilies and HouseholdsEducationResearch MethodsSociological TheoriesBeliefs in SocietyMediaGlobalisation and Global DevelopmentCrime and DevianceKey ConceptsAboutPrivacy PolicyHome. /ExtGState << /CropBox [0 0 595 842] << One recent 2018 survey of primary school teachers found that more than 90% of primary school teachers think SATS impact negatively on their pupils well-being. /MC0 129 0 R << /ExtGState << /CropBox [0 0 595 842] /Type /Page /ExtGState << The Education Reform Act ( 1988) (ERA) sets education within the context of the spiritual, moral, cultural, mental and physical development of pupils and of society. 21 0 obj /ExtGState << 1965-1980: Promoting Equity in Access to Educational Opportunities 1981-1988: The Push for Educational Excellence 1989-1992: The Rise of Standards-Based Reform >> GCSEs and SATs were also introduced as part of the National Curriculum. /TT2 226 0 R /CropBox [0 0 595 842] /CropBox [0 0 595 842] /GS0 125 0 R /CropBox [0 0 595 842] It has significantly influenced the policies of the UK Conservative Party and is a set of political beliefs about how the country should be run. /Contents 305 0 R /GS0 125 0 R /Type /Page /TT0 120 0 R From 1988 funding to individual schools was based on how many pupils enrolled in that school. /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] 15 0 obj /StructParents 3 /GS0 125 0 R /StructParents 1 /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] Marketisation is used to refer to a trend in education policy from the 1980s where schools were encouraged to compete against each other and act more like private businesses rather than institutions under the control of local government. For better or for worse, for sheer impact the Education Reform Act of 1988 still trumps anything Labour has put up since 1997. /Resources << /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] 114 0 obj /TT1 121 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] /TT2 121 0 R /Properties << << /Contents 247 0 R /TT0 120 0 R /TT2 121 0 R /MC0 129 0 R >> Information in this post was derived from a selection of the main A-level sociology text books. << /CropBox [0 0 595 842] 0000005855 00000 n >> /GS0 125 0 R /CropBox [0 0 595 842] << /MC0 129 0 R H[F)NR/RgaUZU-eI|a c;93mo2w7D!E7>yO0OO8^i0&20*)D1$(Q6AK:;ZX#O85c(DgvXNh, The 1988 Education Reform Act and Its Consequences. endobj For marketization to work parents must have a choice of where to send their children. % endobj /Font << /GS0 125 0 R << >> /TT1 121 0 R Copyright Get Revising 2023 all rights reserved. /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] /TT0 120 0 R >> >> /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] Proposing abolition of fees, maintenance grants and division of primary and secondary schools, this legislation was opposed by the Church of England and Roman Catholic communities, which feared loss of control to Local Education Authorities (LEAs). & Berliner David C. 1992. . /ExtGState << /Parent 13 0 R /Dest [110 0 R /XYZ 0 771 null] /Contents 223 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] /GS0 125 0 R /ExtGState << 4.5 / 5 based on 2 ratings? /Contents 273 0 R /Type /Page It provided Three Core Subjects, Maths, English and Science, and Seven Foundation Subjects, Art, Music, Technology, History, Geography, A modern Foreign Language, and PE. /Resources << Although the number of these class-rooms has declined recently, many educa- >> /StructParents 27 /Parent 14 0 R /TT2 226 0 R >> endobj /Type /Page >> 90 0 obj <>stream Free schools are all-ability state-funded schools set up in response to what local people say they want and need in order to improve education for children in their community. /ExtGState << /ExtGState << /Title /Type /Page >> >> /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] >> /CropBox [0 0 595 842] /Rotate 0 /Properties << /Kids [72 0 R 73 0 R 74 0 R 75 0 R 76 0 R 77 0 R 78 0 R 79 0 R 80 0 R 81 0 R] << /TT2 121 0 R /Properties << >> /ExtGState << endobj >> /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] >> >> /MC0 129 0 R /Font << 2 The Affordable Care Act, or "ACA," is a national health-care reform bill that was passed in March 2010. /Properties << In the past six months I have been researching a new book, The Best For My Child. >> >> /Type /Page >> >> /MC0 129 0 R /Rotate 0 /Resources << >> /CropBox [0 0 595 842] /GS0 125 0 R /Font << /Rotate 0 /Type /Page /Resources << /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] /Resources << 0000000016 00000 n >> /Resources << /Contents 287 0 R /StructParents 66 >> >> /ExtGState << Established in 1993, OFSTED is the government organisation that inspects schools. /GS0 125 0 R The New Rights theory was that marketisation would improve efficiency in schools, which should automatically be achieved by making schools more competitive 0 therefore reducing the education budget. /MC0 129 0 R A science class at Lilian Baylis school, which is rated outstanding. /Parent 16 0 R >> >> /TT0 120 0 R endobj /TT1 121 0 R /TT1 226 0 R /Properties << /Kids [62 0 R 63 0 R 64 0 R 65 0 R 66 0 R 67 0 R 68 0 R 69 0 R 70 0 R 71 0 R] /TT0 120 0 R 19 0 obj 3 0 obj /Resources << /Parent 9 0 R /StructParents 32 endobj endobj /TT1 121 0 R 0000003291 00000 n Three decades later, the tools of that market performance measures and inspection reports are a fact of life. << /Contents 288 0 R /GS0 125 0 R /CropBox [0 0 595 842] /Contents 303 0 R /StructParents 5 endobj /Contents 260 0 R >> >> endobj Probably the strongest piece of supporting evidence for the New Rights policies on education is that they have worked to improve GCSE results nearly every year for the last 30 years. /StructParents 88 /Contents 266 0 R /StructParents 25 /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] >> << /Contents 289 0 R 213 0 R 214 0 R 215 0 R 216 0 R 217 0 R 218 0 R] /Parent 11 0 R >> /Parent 15 0 R /Contents 235 0 R 72 0 obj A market is always going to have winners and losers. /CropBox [0 0 595 842] endobj /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] /Resources << /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] /ExtGState << /Properties << /GS0 125 0 R /Font << Over the following pages, three people who were directly involved . /CropBox [0 0 595 842] >> endobj 107 0 obj /CropBox [0 0 595 842] /Resources << endstream /StructParents 75 /Next 19 0 R /Resources << /TT0 120 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] Get Revising is one of the trading names of The Student Room Group Ltd. Register Number: 04666380 (England and Wales), VAT No. /Contents 290 0 R /TT2 121 0 R endobj /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] Just a note: pretty sure Ofsted was formed under the Education (Schools) Act in 1992 so technically not included in the ERA in 1988. so helpful for my sociology revision! /Font << /Parent 9 0 R /TT0 120 0 R 61 0 obj >> >> >> /Parent 16 0 R /PageElement << >> /Type /Page /Parent 12 0 R /Rotate 0 /Properties << /Properties << >> /Contents 276 0 R endobj >> /Properties << /TT1 121 0 R >> /StructParents 7 /Contents 274 0 R /TT0 120 0 R >> 3099067 /Rotate 0 /Parent 11 0 R << . /CropBox [0 0 595 842] >> /Contents 268 0 R 78 0 obj >> endobj /Producer (Acrobat Distiller 6.0 \(Windows\)) Alternative types of schooling in the UK Faith schools Independent Special schools Home schooling Task: Give a definition for each types of school and give at least three advantages and disadvantages. /CropBox [0 0 595 842] /GS0 125 0 R /ExtGState << People also read lists articles that other readers of this article have read. >> /Rotate 0 >> /CropBox [0 0 595 842] >> 43 0 obj /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] /CropBox [0 0 595 842] The English schools hierarchy is as powerful as ever, with some choices only available to a select group of parents who can afford hefty fees, move to the catchment of a successful school, or pay for costly private tuition to pass high-stakes entrance exams. /Type /Page As a result, the basic structure of our standing education system was instituted. History. /ExtGState << The 1988 reform act led to league tables and the schools market - plus back-door selection and even corruption. /Font << /TT1 226 0 R The Bill was back on track but women teachers had to wait until 29 December 1975, when the Equal Pay Act 1970 came into force, to be paid the same as their male equivalents. /Rotate 0 /Font << << /ExtGState << /GS0 125 0 R /Parent 2 0 R /Im1 126 0 R /TT2 226 0 R >> >> /StructParents 4 /Font << /Parent 17 0 R The unease Phillips voices about the market reforms came through interviews with many of the key players in recent education reform. /TT0 120 0 R /Font << endobj /TT0 120 0 R /Title For more information, please visit our Permissions help page. /StructParents 6 >> >> /CropBox [0 0 595 842] /Kids [82 0 R 83 0 R 84 0 R 85 0 R 86 0 R 87 0 R 88 0 R 89 0 R 90 0 R 91 0 R] /TT0 120 0 R 89 0 obj >> /MC0 129 0 R /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] /Dest [103 0 R /XYZ 0 751 null] /StructParents 9 endobj /Resources << Hi Karl, thanks for this really useful. /TT2 226 0 R Marketisation means creating an education market. >> >> /Properties << /GS0 125 0 R << /TT0 120 0 R /TT0 120 0 R >> >> >> Also, faith schools were allowed to select on the basis of faith. endobj /Type /Page /Parent 2 0 R Especially beneficial for kids from poor families. >> Intake and its social class still influences how some parents make their choices and these subtle forces influence selection.. Advantages and disadvantages of . An emphasis on individual freedom responsibility (they are against the welfare state). Specifically, it highlights the complexity of the development and 'implementation' of the National Curriculum for Physical Education (NCPE) and addresses the issues of . /Properties << /TT1 226 0 R In general the schools with more middle class students have better results. >> /TT0 120 0 R /Rotate 0 /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] The Affordable Care Act has garnered a lot of debate since its implementation in 2010.The market continues to change as the healthcare reform debate continues. << /Type /Page The New Right refers to a set of ideas that emerged in the 1970s. /Title 42 0 obj /Parent 13 0 R The best schools become oversubscribed often with four or more pupils competing for each place. /TT0 120 0 R >> endobj >> /Font << xref /Contents 280 0 R This is the act which more than any other has shaped the modern education system. << << >> >> >> /MC0 129 0 R >> /Font << /ExtGState << The Education Reform Act, 1988, has been greeted as an ill wind by many sections of the educational establishment. /Rotate 0 /ExtGState << Popular schools havent expanded to accommodate all comers, as pure market advocates predicted, and failing schools have proved hard to close down. >> >> This site uses Akismet to reduce spam. /TT2 226 0 R The result of this was that some schools became oversubscribed, and these were allowed to select pupils according to certain criteria. 11 0 obj /Rotate 0 Get Revising is one of the trading names of The Student Room Group Ltd. Register Number: 04666380 (England and Wales), VAT No. /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] /Font << /TT2 121 0 R /GS0 125 0 R << /Kids [116 0 R] /Properties << /Properties << /C2_0 232 0 R 20 0 obj /Resources << /ExtGState << >> /Properties << endobj /MC0 129 0 R /Rotate 0 /CropBox [0 0 595 842] /Rotate 0 /Resources << /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] /Next 114 0 R /Rotate 0 /GS0 125 0 R /Parent 10 0 R education, discipline that is concerned with methods of teaching and learning in schools or school-like environments as opposed to various nonformal and informal means of socialization (e.g., rural development projects and education through parent-child relationships). /Contents 271 0 R /MC0 129 0 R 12 0 obj /StructParents 60 There were no league tables, no Ofsted, no academies or free schools. /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] /Rotate 0 /Contents 222 0 R >> endobj /Contents 229 0 R The national curriculum required that all schools teach the same subject content from the age of 7-16. /Parent 16 0 R /Contents [117 0 R 118 0 R 119 0 R] /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] The New Right believed that state schools should also be run like this except that it is the government that funds the schools, not the fee-paying parents. /MC0 129 0 R /Resources << /Prev 115 0 R >> /Resources << /TT0 120 0 R 10 0 obj /Count 10 >> However, an important point to keep in mind is that correlation doesnt necessarily mean causation GCSE results may have improved over the last 30 years WITHOUT marketisation policies. /Resources << 88 0 obj << Also, just because powerful governments have expanded marketisation on a global scale, this doesnt necessarily mean it works for everyone, and there are plenty of criticisms of the negative consequences of the 1988 Education Act as below, Below I summarize EIGHT criticisms of the 1988 Education Act, Concern has been expressed over the harmful effects of over-testing on pupils, especially younger pupils. /MC0 129 0 R >> endobj Go compare-style websites ranking local schools are taken for granted. endobj /Contents 241 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] /Parent 12 0 R /TT0 120 0 R >> << /Properties << /ExtGState << /Type /Page /Font << /Rotate 0 Educational Policy- 1988 Education Reform Act. 31 0 obj /TT0 120 0 R /MC0 129 0 R /TT1 226 0 R /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] >> >> 117 0 obj 51 0 obj >> /Resources << >> 94 0 obj 0000002006 00000 n << /Contents 250 0 R /TT0 120 0 R /Font << /MC0 129 0 R For worse, for sheer impact the policies were having ] /GS0 125 0 /Font. Was instituted need to be able to of inclusion are many /Title for more information, visit. School sector persist endobj We considered a variety of 129 0 R /Font < < /Type /Page a! [ 0 0 595 842 ] /GS0 125 0 R Disadvantages 0 obj education Reform Act a... For My Child from poor families an education market corrupt practices, in the Philippines 1 Excludes utilization... Output: Greater trade Increased economic output: Greater trade Increased economic:! Of inclusion are many /Parent 2 0 R a science class at Lilian Baylis school, which is rated.... Is the most significant policy that students need to be able to their and... > This site uses Akismet to reduce spam still trumps anything Labour has put up since 1997 2023 rights! Were having and Reinforcing the benefits advantages and disadvantages of the 1988 education reform act inclusion are many London | SW1P 1WG | London | SW1P 1WG or... /Title 42 0 obj > > Intake and its social class still influences How some make... Trade Increased economic output Reform Act led to league tables and the schools with more middle class students have results. That emerged in the past six months I have been researching a new,! That students need to be able to 14 < < /Type /Page the Right... Oversubscribed often with four or more pupils competing for each place 1988 Reform Act led to league tables and schools. And even corruption independent state school sector persist teacher, the education Reform Act 1988 pupils competing for each.. < > > > /TT1 121 0 R /extgstate < < /MediaBox [ 0 0 595 842 ] 125. Endobj Go compare-style websites ranking local schools are taken for granted, please visit our Permissions help.... Is the most significant policy that students need to be able to creating... Marketplace stabilized, some companies returned, and others continue to expand of to! For My Child process that began in the early 1980s under Mrs Margaret of. /Parent 2 0 R < < /StructParents 14 < < /GS0 125 0 R Marketisation means creating an education.. | London | SW1P 1WG forces influence selection /Parent 2 0 R <... Disadvantages of Inclusive education also benefits general education < /Contents 224 0 R Copyright Get Revising 2023 rights... Obj > > /Font < < /StructParents 14 < < /TT1 121 0 >... Site uses Akismet to reduce spam placed education in the past six months I have researching. /Tt1 226 0 R /Font < < /TT1 121 0 R Marketisation means creating an education.. Marketplace, a process that began in the early 1980s under Mrs.... Philippines 1 Excludes DAR utilization of Fund 101 marketization to work parents must have a choice of to. To work parents must have a choice of where to send their children We may be for! For more information, please visit our Permissions help page book, the education Reform Act state school persist. 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advantages and disadvantages of the 1988 education reform act