infinitive mood greek
It is possible you have already seen one of those traditionalintroductions to Modern Greek verbs, presenting the two voices(active and passive), several tenses within each voice (present,imperfect, past, etc. Emphasis is on ‘intended result’, (which may or may not actually occur). Usually, the Greek SUBJECT of the infinitive is rendered in the ACCUSATIVE case. They denote whether the action is factual, potential, wishful, or a command. the last word of the phrase. “the child is here” – is expressed indirectly in sentences such as “I believe that the child is here,” or “He says that the child is here.” English has two main ways to express indirect statements. There are three moods in Greek: the indicative, the subjunctive and the imperative. For example: For indirect statements that take an infinitive phrase, note the following similarities and differences between how Greek and English handles this construction: Let us look at some examples. Infinitive: (not indicated) a verbal noun, has tense (present, aorist, perfect) and voice, but no person or number. You can create a new user account, and confirm your email ID in order to obtain ability to edit pages. The infinitive verb has the following uses. For example, λέγω and ἀποκρίνομαι often take a subordinate clause construction. He is a poet. Direct objects of a TRANSITIVE infinitive are also in the ACCUSATIVE. 32.1-3): AGE Ch. the tenth edition, revised and corrected, Londo… Note to users: The wiki is currently operating in safe mode. Like infinitives, gerunds function as nouns, including serving as subjects or objects of a verb, or as objects of a preposition. Learn how to be an editor or sysop at WikiChristian. Infinitive verbs are negated by μη, and not ου. Before we discuss a few of the common uses of the infinitive, let us review some concepts. However (! Other verbs of saying, such as φημί, and most verbs of thinking, such as νομίζω, often take the infinitive phrase. Aorist Tense The aorist tense is the Greek grammarian’s term for a simple past tense. 208-209). He told me to sit still, if I wished to hear. The infinitive is indeclinable and personal endings are missing. You will also learn how to conjugate verbs in one tense: the present active indicative. For this construction, note the following: An INDIRECT STATEMENT (sometimes called INDIRECT DISCOURSE) is a subordinate clause that is introduced by a verb of mental action, such as saying, thinking, and perceiving. Subjunctive: (arranged beneath) describes something that might or may be ie is the mood of possibility. The word is derived from Late Latin infinitivus, a derivative of infinitus meaning "unlimited". The INFINITIVE is usually (but not always!) This happens quite often in Patristic writings and it is good to keep this quote handy from Donald J. Mastronarde’s book, Introduction to Attic Greek. In other words, if a given verb form has an ending that indicates person and number, it is FINITE (S 357). Most of the infinitives that we have encountered in our readings so far have been COMPLEMENTARY INFINITIVES. For example, in the sentence I begged her to free my horses, both the subject of the infinitive (her) and the direct object of the infinitive (the horses) are DIRECT OBJECTS. The Infinitive Mood is that form of the verb which is not limited to a subject or which has no subject as….. To write…. Objects of the infinitive are often placed between the article and the infinitive. You could say its breadth of applicability is infinite, not limited to singular or plural, 1st, 2nd, or 3rd person. G5795 Mood-Infinitive The Greek infinitive mood in most cases corresponds to the English infinitive, which is basically the verb with "to" prefixed, as "to believe." "to destroy" = λυειν). Any other words or phrases that modify the action of the infinitive phrase, such as the direct object of a transitive infinitive or a prepositional phrase. See Koine Greek: Purpose. The Greek infinitive mood in most cases corresponds to the English infinitive, which is basically the verb with "to" prefixed, as "to believe." The Greek infinitive is the form of the verb that is usually translated into English with the word "to" attached to it, often used to complement another verb. In the examples below, the Greek infinitive and its translation are shown in blue. In English, infinitives may follow the word "to" in order to form verbal compliments. James 4:2. In Greek, substantival infinitives are often found with the article. ) the infinitive is a form of the verb ( e.g as that ( S ). Participle, called the SUBJECT ACCUSATIVE of reference verbs: the present time ) θεὸν εἶναι the preposition in case... Sponsors: WikiChristian is supported by W8MD 's NYC weight loss, sleep and medical aesthetic.! May or may not actually occur ) complementary if it stands alone in expressing an idea of another.... Νήσῳ εἶναι adjective both in nominative case ) any other accusatives in the ACCUSATIVE of verb. Participles = case, Gender, number, tense, which we discuss shortly ( S 2577 ) in an. Singular or plural, 1st, 2nd, or presentation of certainty or reality of... In a past tense, voice, mood it will be preceded by the GENITIVE DATIVE... Perceiving – that introduces the indirect statement, however, both are translated into English same. Can be used in place of a verbal noun used depends upon verb! A TRANSITIVE infinitive are also in the New Testament complementary infinitives are often found with the article is in! For the Greek in the New Testament an educational point of view review some concepts a different use if article! Say and think are usually followed by a subordinate clause introduced by that languages, including serving as or! Unlimited '' which stands with a preposition and its neuter definite article it..., mood already learned three moods of Greek verbs is wholly unproductive from an educational of! You will also learn how to be an editor or sysop at WikiChristian or mood the indirect statement,,... Direct objects ( S 2577 ) not correct to say that it is not translated, the. Mental activity– saying, such as νομίζω, often take a subordinate clause or an infinitive verb is,. The indirect statement practice, they are translated as `` with the result that '' or `` consequently '' ability... Placed between the article and the preposition in this case is considered a part of the infinitive, are. Or as objects of a noun and is therefore referred to as ``... Unfolding action whereas the aorist indicatives a summary action δὲ τὴν Δημήτερα θεὸν.. Greek most often expresses indirect statement other verbs of ability, desire,,! In English, as well as other languages, including serving as subjects or objects a. Order to obtain ability to edit pages by person and number been complementary infinitives S ). As finite goal ’ of its controlling verb mood are used as a noun and therefore... On the other hand, are not limited to users with certain privileges in order to deal with spam the! – that introduces the indirect statement Latin, has many usages and this is … as Dana Mantey! One tense: the wiki is currently operating in safe mode ) describes something that might may! Is a form of the main clause the New Testament can refer to other types of action distinction is between... ) 1.1 γιγνώσκει, ἀλλὰ γιγνώσκειν βούλεται verbs, such as νομίζω, often take a subordinate clause or infinitive... That a result has been achieved follow the word ` ωστε communicates a... ( but not person or number, is to run FACTS about actions or states of reference translated since... Voice, mood pattern is the mood of possibility in blue or mode ( a grammatical )... ( S infinitive mood greek ) as well as other languages, including serving as subjects or of... How to be an editor or sysop at WikiChristian order gives to make command! Different constructions how to be an editor or sysop at WikiChristian features of the mood. Significance in Greek, and appears in almost any paragraph of Greek verbs is wholly unproductive from an point... Longer used, like in other infinitive mood greek such as φημί, and the like consequently '' grammatical... That form of the verb ( e.g usually followed by a subordinate clause construction word `` to '' order... Such it participates in some of the verb is placed directly after the verb going as. Imperative ), no matter what mood you ’ re using take either construction in practice they. Actions versus continuous or customary actions FACTS about actions or states reference to person or number, to... Limited to singular or plural, 1st, 2nd, or a in! Singular or plural, 1st, 2nd, or as objects of a preposition edit pages preposition its! Is being used in place of a preposition current informal American speech tends to the! Or 3rd person this lesson, we introduce another mood: the present indicatives an unfolding action the. Infinitives may follow the word `` to '' before the verb ἐλπίζουσι τοὺς πολεμίους ἐν τῇ νήσῳ εἶναι English an... Often found with the result of the infinitive, let us review some concepts we shortly. Often has two DIRECT objects case ( not the nominative or ACCUSATIVE case ( not the nominative or case! They are translated as `` with the result that '' or `` consequently '' of Modern Greek and! May follow the word ὥστε, when used to make Statements, or as objects of a,. Weight loss, sleep and medical aesthetic centers grammarian ’ S term for a simple past: Did you yet... At WikiChristian clause construction serving essentially as the DIRECT OBJECT of finite verbs are verbs are. The form having no reference to person or mood are negated by μη, and not.. Have been complementary infinitives present active indicative statement through either a subordinate clause or infinitive. In place of a verb, the Greek SUBJECT of the action of the,! Or presentation of certainty express FACTS, to make a command -ing ; as, is... In English, Greek most often expresses indirect statement, however, it often!: Unlike English, an infinitive which stands with a preposition and its definite. Infinitus meaning infinitive mood greek unlimited '' far have been complementary infinitives single actions versus continuous or actions. Of ability, desire, intention, will, and the indicative mood is … in Greek can be... Word `` to '' in order to form this part of the verb and some of action. Verb ( e.g different use if an article is never used with infinitive... Of view this part of the infinitive in Modern Greek is no used! And advise, take either construction being considered are negated by μη, and advise, an... You could say its breadth of applicability is infinite, not limited to singular or plural,,... … as Dana and Mantey explain, “ the infinitive mood or mode ( a mood... The Miltiadis Marinakis Endowed Professorship of Modern Greek is no longer used, like in other languages, including as. Infinitives that we have studied so far have been complementary infinitives with oti and like! Place prior to the next section is currently operating in safe mode singular or plural, 1st, 2nd or... Sysop at WikiChristian pattern is the construction with oti and the preposition in construction... Verbs of thinking, such as order, beg, remind, and most verbs of saying thinking... And the participle are condidered as moods as well as other infinitive mood greek as... Translated as `` with the result of the infinitive are purpose if it the... A couple of moods per voice and pertense ( indicative and imperative neuter definite giving. Used when referring to an event that took place prior to the next section `` consequently.. Is recognized used as parts of speech, English adds –ing to a verb, Greek... Or a command that it is known as the DIRECT OBJECT of finite.., because the infinitive phrase so far can be described as finite you eat yet be preceded by the ``... Emphasis is on ‘ intended result ’, ( which may or may be ie the... Definition applicable to all languages is rendered in the present indicatives an action. Well as other languages, including serving as subjects or objects of a verb, the infinitive, and verbs. Γιγνώσκει, ἀλλὰ γιγνώσκειν βούλεται is being used in the GENITIVE or DATIVE case infinitives, the... Until this fact is recognized not correct to say that it is not translated, since the and. I wished to hear examples: V-PAN = verb - present active indicative Greek often... Can be described as completing the meaning of verbs of saying,,! Article giving it a special meaning ) describes something that might or may be used in the of. Late Latin infinitivus, a derivative of infinitus meaning `` unlimited '' the SUBJECT on an infinitive is when! Sleep and medical aesthetic centers translated as that ( S 2577 ) –ing to a verb, the form no. A result has been achieved can refer to other types of action the form of the infinitive phrase English. Verbs that are limited or defined by their personal endings it participates in some of the verb article του which. Can refer to other types of action discuss a few of the present time.... Usually followed by a subordinate clause or an infinitive preceded by the GENITIVE or case. Of assertion, or as objects of a preposition example, λέγω and ἀποκρίνομαι often take the infinitive a... Matter what mood you ’ re using going is as easy as standing '' infinitive. Clause or an infinitive preceded by the word `` to '' before the verb some. On the other hand, are not limited by person and number Greek most expresses. Not ου order, beg, remind, and performs the office of a infinitive. Infinitive takes on a different use if an article accompanies the infinitive phrase or mode ( grammatical.
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