relief features of deserts of pakistan
Coal of a medium quality is also found. Others are dry expanses of rock, sand, or salt flats.Kinds of DesertsThe worlds deserts can be divided into five typessubtropical, coastal, rain shadow, interior, and polar. The amount of evaporation in a desert often greatly exceeds the annual rainfall. Leeward slopes face away from prevailing winds.When moisture-laden air hits a mountain range, it is forced to rise. The dunes are in continual motion and take on varying shapes and sizes. TheCold Desertis a high-altitude desert located nearSkardu, inPakistans northernGilgit-Baltistanregion. Turbans are also much longerup to six meters (20 feet)!Desert dwellers have also adapted their shelters for the unique climate. The relief divisions of India landmass can be divided in to the following groups. [2] The Sutlej river, however, is mostly on the Indian side of the border. Figs, olives, and oranges thrive in desert oases and have been harvested for centuries.Some desert areas rely on resources brought from more fertile areasfood trucked in from distant farmlands or, more frequently, water piped from wetter regions. Pakistan has two major river dams: the Tarbela Dam on the Indus River, near the early Buddhist site at Taxila, and the Mangla Dam on the Jhelum River, where Punjab borders Azad Kashmir, built as part of the Indus Basin Project. Windbreaks made of trees have been planted throughout the Sahel, the southern border region of the Sahara Desert. Rajasthan- Relief and Structure The main geographic feature of Rajasthan is the Aravalli Range, which runs across the state from southwest Guru Peak (Mount Abu), which is 1,722 m in height to Khetri in the northeast, for more than 850 km.This divides Rajasthan into 60% in the North West of the lines and 40% in the southeast. The desert was used for nuclear testing by the Pakistan military, making it the most famous of the five deserts. 5 0 obj THREATS TO DESERT ECOSYSTEM OF PAKISTAN Desert areas already experience scarcity of water and due to climate change this problem is exacerbating. The ethnic composition of the Thar is diverse. States of the Colorado River Basin continue to negotiate today to prepare for population growth, agricultural development, and the possibility of future droughts.Life in the DesertPlants and animals adapt to desert habitats in many ways. Thal Desert The areas of Mianwali, Sargodha, Muzaffar Garh and Dera Ghazi Khan districts in the province of Punjab are called Thal desert. Thar is the largest desert of Pakistan. In M. Julivert. The Indus River basin is a large, fertile alluvial plain formed by silt from the Indus. The amount of evaporation in a desert often greatly exceeds the annual rainfall. Some weather stations in the Atacama have never recorded a drop of rain.Rain Shadow DesertsRain shadow deserts exist near the leeward slopes of some mountain ranges. They usually shift a few meters a year, but a particularly violent sandstorm can move a dune 20 meters (65 feet) in a single day.Sandstorms may bury everything in their pathrocks, fields, and even towns. During a shortage of food or water, camels draw upon this fat for nutrition and moisture. The reason is inadequate management and inappropriate consumption. Tien Shan also has more than 10,100 square kilometers (3,900 square miles) of glaciers. x\[.PdQM21y[)ly'\JmAb,[o/t -;$}}J.=z]~du]k>Ml^<}nRuxzyUVZ3Y+Vwuc%*!*)[uKK3]j.B\W[NJ<=JuOG`um\IY*Q7iuYp)?f?-]xC%hK 2Q,-$$WG}Hjy`FnfkP"Z]'xbY_K!1\4mqRM#$R-X;*mKn gqnj2\-$/~FJU4.VJjlRlw3Tqm1WU-_[^q],hy~XuvoXn5gIvgmZ\Nu=Y`,fl?n&|ZvqY+m6/){U_|si@[8ox`aXvQ-c{}SR\C6%j [k:zc6Cp##~ZRFZ%&J%F9'1=e(N: ftkh9Y/{$:;We#)VCfewhY5!Xzy2>2\ TheKharan Desert is asandyand mountainousdesertsituated inBaluchistanin south-westernPakistan. They look like a platform because they are flat on the summit and abruptly raised on their slopes. In 2011, Jeddah was struck by a sudden thunderstorm and flash flood. In some cases, when deserts approach the coasts or there is a presence of water a little higher, uadis and salinas can be seen. It is bordered by the irrigated Indus River plain to the west, the Punjab Plain to the north and northeast, the Aravalli Range to the southeast, and the Rann of Kachchh to the south. Plateau Mountains They are home to around 1 billion peopleone-sixth of the Earths population.Although the word desert may bring to mind a sea of shifting sand, dunes cover only about 10 percent of the worlds deserts. Much of Pakistan's land area comprises either deserts or mountains. Cholistan Desert 3. The prevailing languages are Sindhi in the southwest, Lahnda in the northwest, and Rajasthani languagesespecially Marwariin central and eastern portions of the Thar. Various geomorphic features supporting recent tectonic movements were deciphered from the various remotely sensed data. Such a surface is called a desert flat or llano. The Islands. Pakistan is the most diverse country in the world, with four distinctive regions. Although humidity is high, the atmospheric changes that normally cause rainfall are not present. Here rainfall is very low and large number of sand dunes are found. Dunes migrate constantly with the wind. They are another type of geographical accident that offers the desert whose elevations have flat tops and very steep slopes (Kalman & Mac Aulay, 2008, page 21). Get a Britannica Premium subscription and gain access to exclusive content. These mountain ranges extend from west to east, from the Indus to the Brahmaputra. Halfway there, an enormous sandstorm swallowed the entire group. Fennec fox communities work together to dig large burrows, some as large as 93 square meters (1,000 square feet). Pakistan is one of the few countries in the world that has all regions. The name Indus comes from the Sanskrit word "sindhu", meaning "ocean", from which also come the words Sindh, Hindu, and India. In countries like Yemen, artificial wadis can carry enough water for whitewater rafting trips during certain times of the year.When deserts and water supplies cross state and national borders, people often fight over water rights. One legend holds that the Persian Emperor Cambyses II sent an army of 50,000 men to the Siwa Oasis in western Egypt around 530 BCE. Hydrogen molecules in the fat combine with inhaled oxygen to form water. It has snow capped lime stone ridges (peaks). Some geographers designate additional major regions. Deserts are arid terrestrial areas characterized by scarce rainfall, sparse vegetation, and wildlife. Important passes of these mountains are Khunjarab, Karakoram, Babusar. Today, people value desert resources and biodiversity. Sandy desert soils cover the Cholistan part of Sindh Sagar Doab and western Balochistan. Some xerocoles avoid the sun by resting in scarce shade. /Filter /FlateDecode It has height up to of 4712 metres. The soils consist of several main groupsdesert soils, red desertic soils, sierozems (brownish gray soils), the red and yellow soils of the foothills, the saline soils of the depressions, and the lithosols (shallow weathered soils) and regosols (soft loose soils) found in the hills. This article was most recently revised and updated by, https://www.britannica.com/place/Thar-Desert, World Wildlife Fund - Southern Asia: Western India into Pakistan, Academia - A study on the geology of Thar Desert. South of this region, cultivation is confined mainly to riverine strips until the advent of irrigation. Heavy rains . They are usually flat, with little sediment available, without vegetation and rather low, reaching heights average of 9 to 30 meters but extensions between the tip of one arm and another of 365 meters (Types of dunes, 2017). The Desert (The Thar) 6. The Nile River ecosystem dominates the eastern part of the Sahara Desert, for instance. Pakistans soils are classified as pedocals, which comprise a dry soil group with high concentrations of calcium carbonate and a low content of organic matter; they are characteristic of a land with low and erratic precipitation. While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. The Sahara Desert crept 100 kilometers (39 miles) south between 1950 and 1975. Tiny, high windows let in only a little light and helped keep out dust and sand. The Nile provides the most reliable, plentiful source of freshwater in the region. Land between two rivers is called DOAB in the local language.[i.e. Zalmout said that the . With lush green vegetation of some of the rarest plant species of the country, this oasis of Cholistan Desert is one of its most unique features. Thermal power-generating plants, fueled by coal and oil, supply power only locally in the large towns. It is the 16th largest desert on the planet and the third largest in Asia. On the hills, gum arabic acacia and euphorbia may be found. It seeps into the ground, where it can remain for thousands of years.Underground water sometimes rises to the surface, forming springs or seeps. Greens vehicle, the ThrustSSC, was the first car to break the sound barrier.Wind is the primary sculptor of a deserts hills of sand, called dunes. Temperatures can drop to 4C (40F) or lower.In the Chihuahuan Desert, in the United States and Mexico, temperatures can vary by dozens of degrees in one day. It showcases the rich heritage of Rajasthan and its culture. However, flash floods take more lives in deserts than thirst does. The Desert, and lastly. The prevailing southwest monsoon winds that bring rain to much of the subcontinent in summer tend to bypass the Thar to the east. Answer: Bhabar Terai Bhangar Khadar Question 24. Modern-day residents also rely on an extensive canal system to provide irrigation. Here differences in altitude are usually slight. The presence of several transverse dunes reminiscent of the waves of the sea, reason why sometimes they are called sea of sand. Hot and Cold DesertsThe largest hot desert in the world is the Sahara, which is 9 million square kilometers (3.5 million square miles). In India alone, this desert stretches its boundaries to Gujarat . The Western Mountains 3. Basins of Northern Balochistan New York was built on wetland habitat, and Atlanta was built in a wooded area. When the air moves over the mountaintop and begins to descend the leeward slopes, there is little moisture left. A thobe is a full-length, long-sleeved white robe. When you reach out to him or her, you will need the page title, URL, and the date you accessed the resource. There is a great variety of classification of dunes according to the color of the sand, the direction of the wind, the type of sediment, etc. Areas facing reduced precipitation include areas with some of the largest deserts in the world: North Africa (Sahara), the American Southwest (Sonoran and Chihuahuan), the southern Andes (Patagonia), and western Australia (Great Victoria).In literature and in legend, deserts are often described as hostile places to avoid. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). The Thar Desert , also known as the Great Indian Desert , is a large arid region in the north western part of the Indian subcontinent that covers an area of 200,000 km 2 (77,000 sq mi) and forms a natural boundary between India and Pakistan.It is the world's 17th largest desert, and the world's 9th largest hot subtropical desert.. Lowest point: Sea level The Sahara Desert is almost the size of the entire continental United States. The rains usually do not exceed 25 cm per year, or what is equal to 10 inches (Geology.com, 2017). The desert presents an undulating surface, with high and low sand dunes separated by sandy plains and low barren hills, or bhakars, which rise abruptly from the surrounding plains. A large canal-building project is currently underway to irrigate the land. The Aswan Dam harnesses the power of the Nile for hydroelectricity used in industry. We use cookies to provide our online service. They include both shifting sandy soils and clayey floodplain soils. Antarctica boasts the lowest official temperature recorded on Earth: -89.2 C (-128.6 F), recorded on July 21, 1983. The Desert is also listed on number 16 for being the largest desert in the world and the third-largest desert in Asia. May and June are the hottest months of the year, with temperatures rising to 122 F (50 C). The suns rays beat down through cloudless skies and bake the land. A trail of shark teeth. It is the largest desert of Pakistan and the onlysubtropicaldesert of Asia. For information on user permissions, please read our Terms of Service. In fact, it gets covered with lush green vegetation during February and March as the local farmers use the desert land for the cultivation of green chickpeas. Rapidly expanding populations in California, Nevada, and Arizona have compounded the problem. 1. Top 5 reasons to visit Pakistan. Sheep and cattle have reduced the native vegetation in Patagonia, causing loss of valuable topsoil. Water resources are getting depleted leading to the water crisis in Pakistan. TripDePakistan 2019 All Rights Reserved, Visa and Passport policy of Pakistan 2022, Should I visit Pakistan? Winds N at 5 to 10 mph.. Tonight The Sulaiman Mountains dominate the northeast corner, and the Bolan Pass is a natural route into Afghanistan towards Kandahar. Pakistan, part of the greater Indian subcontinent, is situated at the crossroads of the Middle East and Asia. Wind Cyclones are also a common occurrence in the desert. #DesertsOfPakistan #TharDesert #MuhammadAkramDeserts of Pakistan. They may be only slightly warmer than the surrounding desert.Deserts can hold economically valuable resources that drive civilizations and economies. These soils vary in texture, chemical composition, colour, and organic content from place to place. The Thar Desert receives very low amount of rainfall (100 to 150 mm per year) 'Luni' is the only river in the Thar Desert. This has happened among the states in the Colorado River Basin, which have negotiated for many years over the division of the rivers water. They are artificial deposits of dry river beds that only fill with water in the rainy season and then dry again when the rainfall ends so they are not long lasting. Abstract. The Indira Gandhi Canal irrigates a vast amount of land in the Indian portion of the Thar. Both Islam and Hinduism are practiced, and the population is divided into complex economic and social groups. Reptiles such as desert iguanas, snakes or chameleons are often found in this type of landscape, but we can also find coyotes, kangaroos, camels, vultures, tarantulas, rats, coyotes and scorpions. Rising from the AshesThe desert city of Phoenix, Arizona, is named for the mythical desert bird that burns to death only to be reborn, rising from its own ashes. Roads and buildings were washed away, and more than 100 people died.Even in a desert, water and wind eventually wear away softer rock. Rainstorms sometimes come as violent cloudbursts. Biology, Ecology, Earth Science, Geology, Meteorology, Geography, Human Geography, Physical Geography, Social Studies, World History. The air then cools and forms clouds that drop moisture on the windward (wind-facing) slopes. Deserts occupy more than a fifth of the Earth's surface and are found on every continent (National Geographic, 2017). Balochistan is located at the eastern edge of the Iranian plateau and in the border region between Southwest, Central, and South Asia. This is called the urban heat island effect. Mountain ranges Which plateau lies between the Aravalis and the Vindhya range? They are important in forming the monsoon type of climate in India. Potwar Plateau and Salt Range 5. Pakistan lies between latitudes 24 and 37 degrees . Deserts are divided into these types according to the causes of their dryness.Subtropical DesertsSubtropical deserts are caused by the circulation patterns of air masses. It is the world's 17th largest desert, and the world's 9th largest subtropical desert.About 85% of the Thar Desert is in India, and the remaining part in Pakistan. We gave money to the Namibian Covid-19 response . That distinction belongs to Death Valley, in California's Mojave Desert. As the air rises, it cools and drops its moisture as heavy tropical rains. The Thar Desert is located on the leeward side of Aravalis. TheThal Desertis located inBhakkar Districtof Pakistan between theIndusandJhelumrivers. It has also spread into India. In the Khurais area, a shale sedimentary unit in the lower third of the Dammam Formation is loaded with the fossilized remains of marine creatures. You'll find plains, deserts, forests, hills, and plateaus. Their shape is best seen from an aerial view and when they are formed successively they look like a roof of tiles. In Pakistan, it spreads over Punjab and Sindh starting fromTharparkar Districtin the east. Perrine Juillion. Seraphic Evil. The animals do not store water in their humps, as people once believed. There are also vast deserts in Pakistan. All these geographical features are spread over India. The Himalayas stretch continuously for about 2500km from east to west. Cities like New York City, New York, and Atlanta, Georgia, can be 5 degrees warmer than the surrounding area. Unfortunately, at the time farmers were investing in slash-and-burn agriculture, Madagascar experienced long-term droughts. The Gobi is also in the rain shadow of the Himalaya mountains to the south.Polar DesertsParts of the Arctic and the Antarctic are classified as deserts. Table of content 1 Suggested Videos Answer (4) Gobi Desert. This area has been inhabited by agricultural civilizations for at least 5,000 years. The city of Phoenix was built on top of the ruins of canals built by the Hohokam people between 500 and 1450 CE. The Balochistan plateau is located in the south-west of Pakistan with altitudes mainly ranging from 600 to 3010 metres. Ans: Safed koh range: is located in the south of river Kabul in east-west direction. Global warming is the most current instance of climate change. However, fennec foxes have adapted so they do not have to drink water at all: Their kidneys retain enough water from the food they eat.Most xerocoles are nocturnal. The surface is made up of aeolian (wind-deposited) sand that has accumulated over 1.8 million years. The Thar Desert, also known as the Great Indian Desert, is a large, arid region in the northwestern part of the Indian subcontinent that forms a natural boundary between India and Pakistan. Cholistan desert hosts an annual Jeep rally, known asCholistan Desert Jeep Rallywhich is the biggest motor sports event in Pakistan. Julivert, M. (2003). WASHINGTON The majority conservative wing of the U.S. Supreme Court appear skeptical that the Biden administration has the authority to implement a federal student debt relief program that was And most deserts, far from being empty and lifeless, are home to a variety of plants, animals, and other organisms. The southeastern part of the Indus plain, from eastern Bahawalpur to the Thar Parkar region in the south, is a typical desert, an extension of the Thar Desert between Pakistan and India. Dew can collect in these burrows, providing the foxes with fresh water. All those soils are predominantly coarse-textured, well-drained, and calcareous (calcium-bearing). Lake Chad is a source of freshwater for four countries on the edge of the Sahara Desert: Chad, Cameroon, Niger, and Nigeria. Apart from wells and tanks, canals are the main sources of water in the desert. A jackrabbits long ears contain blood vessels that release heat. It is also the third-largest desert in Pakistan. Which landform feature was a part of Gondwana land? It has also spread into India. Local desert communities can divert rivers on a smaller scale. All in all, over 5000 persons have benefitted from the Build Bright Pakistan initiative. Foxes, coyotes, rats, and rabbits are all nocturnal desert mammals. This desert consists of a very dry part, the Marusthali region, in the west, and a semi-desert region in the east with fewer sand dunes and slightly more precipitation. Pothohar Plateau is bounded on the east by the Jhelum River, on the west by the Indus River, on the north by the Kala Chitta Range and the Margalla Hills, and on the south by the Salt Range. Topographical relief features of desert Economical lifestyle of desert Economical lifestyle of people in indus plain Names of deserts Passes of western mountain 5 rivers names Balochistan rivers How urdu is a symbol for unity. Pakistan is a subtropical country spread over an area of 79.6 million hectares (mha) lying between 24 and 37 N and 61 and 75 E. Most of the area is semiarid to arid, extending . The most notable desert resource in the world is the massive oil reserves in the Arabian Desert of the Middle East. Most groundwater cannot be utilized, because it lies deep underground and is often saline. The Thar Desert spans an area of 175,000 square kilometers and covers large areas of Pakistan and India. Xerocoles include species of insects, reptiles, birds, and mammals. Among those the Tharparkar breed is the highest yielder of milk, and the Kankre breed is good both as a beast of burden and as a milk producer. The lizard catches rain and dew in these grooves and sucks them into its mouth by gulping.Camels are very efficient water users. They are bounded to the north-west by the Hindu Kush mountain range and to the north by the Karakoram. If you have questions about how to cite anything on our website in your project or classroom presentation, please contact your teacher. The resulting fences break the force of the wind at ground level, stopping dune movement by confining the sand within the squares of the grid.New technologies are also being developed to combat desertification. As it approaches the tropics, the air descends and warms up again. The meaning of relief features of India is the mountain ranges, hill chains, plateaus , rivers, lakes, islands, deltas, deserts , flood plains, river valleys, and rolling lands. Winds at speeds of about 100 kilometers per hour (60 miles per hour) sweep through some deserts. Inhabitants of Thal live in colonies spread over a vast desert expense, causing people to cover large distances to commute to work or visit other regions in Punjab.
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relief features of deserts of pakistan